Acarbose

Acarbose is an anti-diabetic drug used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus and, in some countries, prediabetes. It is a generic sold in Europe and China as Glucobay (Bayer AG), in North America as Precose (Bayer Pharmaceuticals), and in Canada as Prandase (Bayer AG). It is cheap and popular in China, but not in the U.S. One physician explains the use in the U.S. is limited because it is not potent enough to justify the side effects of diarrhea and flatulence.However, a recent large study concludes "acarbose is effective, safe and well tolerated in a large cohort of Asian patients with type 2 diabetes." A possible explanation for the differing opinions is an observation that acarbose is significantly more effective in patients eating a relatively high carbohydrate Eastern diet 

It is a starch blocker, and inhibits alpha glucosidase, an intestinal enzyme that releases glucose from larger carbohydrates. It is composed of an acarviosin moiety with a maltose at the reducing terminus.

Mechanism of action

Acarbose inhibits enzymes (glycoside hydrolases) needed to digest carbohydrates, specifically, alpha-glucosidase enzymes in the brush border of the small intestines and pancreatic alpha-amylase. Pancreatic alpha-amylase hydrolyzes complex starches to oligosaccharides in the lumen of the small intestine, whereas the membrane-bound intestinal alpha-glucosidases hydrolyze oligosaccharides, trisaccharides, and disaccharides to glucose and other monosaccharides in the small intestine. Inhibition of these enzyme systems reduces the rate of digestion of complex carbohydrates. Less glucose is absorbed because the carbohydrates are not broken down into glucose molecules. In diabetic patients, the short-term effect of these drugs therapies is to decrease current blood glucose levels; the long-term effect is a reduction in HbA1c level. This reduction averages an absolute decrease of 0.7%, which is a decrease of about 10% in typical HbA1c values in diabetes studies.

Products Details:

Product name: Acarbose

Synonyms: O-4,6-DIDEOXY-4-[[[1S-(1A,4A,5BETA,6A)]-4,5,6-TRIHYDROXY-3-(HYDROXYMETHYL)-2-CYCLOHEXEN-1-YL]AMINO]-ALPHA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSYL-(1-4)-O-ALPHA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSYL-(1-4)-D-GLUCOSE;-alpha-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-4)-;bay-g5421;d-glucose,o-4,6-dideoxy-4-(((1s-(1-alpha,4-alpha,5-beta,6-alpha))-4,5,6-trihyd;roxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)amino)-alpha-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-4)-o;ACARBOSE;5-[5-[3,4-DIHYDROXY-6-METHYL-5-[[4,5,6-TRIHYDROXY-3-(HYDROXYMETHYL)-1-CYCLOHEX-2-ENYL]AMINO]OXAN-2-YL]OXY-3,4-DIHYDROXY-6-(HYDROXYMETHYL)OXAN-2-YL]OXY-6-(HYDROXYMETHYL)OXANE-2,3,4-TRIOL;Glucobay

CAS No.: 56180-94-0

Molecular formula: C25H43NO18

Molecular weight: 645.6

EINECS No.: 260-030-7

Application: Anti-diabetic drug.

Specification:

Test	Specifications	Result
Assay	99%	99.15%
Appearance	White fine powder	Complies
Odor & taste	Characteristic	Complies
Density	1.74g/cm3	Complies
Boiling point	971.6°C at 760 mmHg	Complies
Flash ( ing ) point	541.4°C	Complies
Solubility	insoluble in water	Complies
Loss on drying	≤2.0%	1.65%
Pesticides	Negative	Complies
Heavy metals PPM
Pb	≤2.0%	Complies
As	≤1.0%	Complies
Hg	≤0.5%	Complies
Microbiology
Total Plate Count	<1000cfu/g	Complies
Yeast & Mold	<100cfu/g	Complies
E.Coli	Negative	Complies
Fungi	Negative	Complies
Salmonella	Negative	Complies
Conclusion	Conform with specification USP30

Function 

Acarbose is used for Treating type 2 diabetes. It is used along with diet and exercise. It may be used alone or with other a

ntidiabetic medicines.Acarbose is a glucosidase inhibitor. It works by slowing down the enzyme that turns carbohydrates into glucose. This results 

in a smaller rise in blood sugar levels following a meal.

Application

Acarbose is an anti-diabetic drug used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus and, in some countries, prediabetes. It is sold in Europe under the brand name Glucobay (Bayer AG), in North America as Precose (Bayer Pharmaceuticals), and in Canada as Prandase (Bayer AG). It is an inhibitor of alpha glucosidase, an enteric enzyme that releases glucose from larger carbohydrates  

 Package

0.5kgs/Al-foil bag                          1.0kgs/Al-foil bag                                                  2.0kgs/Al-foil bag

5.0 kgs/Al-foil bag                              25.0 kgs/drum                                          or upon customers' request.

Shelf life and storage

24 months at normal temperature, drying and sealed conditions

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Notice: This product is only suitable for laboratory use, or the use of animals. It can not be used directly on the human body