T3

Triiodothyronine, also known as T3, is a thyroid hormone. It affects almost every physiological process in the body, including growth and development, metabolism, body temperature, and heart rate.

Production of T3 and its prohormone thyroxine (T4) is activated by thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which is released from the anterior pituitary gland. This pathway is part of a closed-loop feedback process: Elevated concentrations of T3, and T4 in the blood plasma inhibit the production of TSH in the anterior pituitary gland. As concentrations of these hormones decrease, the anterior pituitary gland increases production of TSH, and by these processes, a feedback control system stabilizes the amount of thyroid hormones that are in the bloodstream.

T3 is the true hormone. Its effects on target tissues are roughly four times more potent than those of T4. Of the thyroid hormone that is produced, just about 20% is T3, whereas 80% is produced as T4. Roughly 85% of the circulating T3 is later formed in the liver and anterior pituitary by removal of the iodine atom from the carbon atom number five of the outer ring of T4. In any case, the concentration of T3 in the human blood plasma is about one-fortieth that of T4. This is observed in fact because of the short half-life of T3, which is only 2.5 days. This compares with the half-life of T4, which is about 6.5 days.

Specification: 

Item	Specification	Result
Appearance	An odorless, almost white or buff colored powder	pass
Solubility	1,Very slightly soluble in water	pass
	2,slightly soluble in alcohol	pass
	3,practically insoluble in most other organic solvents	pass
	4,disolves in diluted aqueous sodium hydroxide solutions	Pass
Identificaton	a) Heat about 50 mg with a few drops of sulfuric acid in a porcelain crucible: violet vapors of iodine are evolved.	pass
	b)The retention time of the major peak is confirm to the RS	pass
Loss on Drying	Not more than 4.0%	0.46%
[a]20/D C=1 in 1M HCl/EtOH 1:4	+18 ~ +22o	+20.9o
Assay(HPLC)	Not less than 95.0%	99.18%
Levothyroxine sodium	Not more than 5.0%	0.68%
Conclusion:	Up to the Standard for Export

Mechanism of action

T3 and T4 bind to nuclear receptors (thyroid hormone receptors). T3 and T4, although being lipophilic, are not able to passively diffuse through the phospholipid bilayers of target cells, instead relying on transmembrane iodothyronine transporters. The lipophilicity of T3 and T4 requires their binding to the protein carrier thyroid-binding protein (TBG) (thyroxine-binding globulins, thyroxine binding prealbumins, and albumins) for transport in the blood. The thyroid receptors bind to response elements in gene promoters, thus enabling them to activate or inhibit transcription. The sensitivity of a tissue to T3 is modulated through the thyroid receptors.

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Notice: This product is only suitable for laboratory use, or the use of animals. It can not be used directly on the human body